Foundations.

CONSTRUCTIVE VS. DESTRUCTIVE MAGICK.
I don't like referring to magick as "white" or "black" because I despise either-or dualities, mindsets that can only see one thing or another and not the entire rainbow spectrum of possibilities. There's this false morality implied, not to mention a nasty undertone of anything black being "evil." It also gets thrown around a lot by non-pagans as a neat little way to stereotype witches into bad and good -- as if the entire human psyche can be reduced to the Wizard of Oz!
I think it's more accurate to refer to magick as "constructive" and "destructive," because that's the actual description of what the energy is doing -- building up, or tearing down. "Destructive" should not be taken with the automatic negative connotation of hurting something…more like clearing it out, or cleaning it up.

THE ELEMENTS.
The properties of air, fire, water, and earth are the key to a lot of how these forces work -- knowing them gives you a really strong basis to lay out your workings.

MOON PHASES.
WAXING MOON. When the moon is going from new to full, do constructive magick: drawing things to you, gaining.
WANING MOON. When the moon is going from full to new, do destructive magick: banishing things, repelling sickness or debt, etc.

NUMBER MAGICK.
SEVENS. For attracting.
NINES. For banishing.
THREES. Purely spiritual workings.

SYMPATHETIC MAGICK.
Doing things to a likeness: a doll, a photograph, a sketch, etc.
CONTAGIOUS MAGICK.
Doing things to an actual piece of something or someone(also called a "tag-lock"): a bottle of sand from a place you want to visit, a lock of hair from a lover, etc.

ALCHEMICAL STATES.
MERCURIAL. Mode of consciousness in which you are totally open. Very fluid and hypersuggestible. This is the state for radical changes, as you can be imprinted in this state of mind. This is that spiritual "zen" state everyone's trying to achieve thru meditation where the life force can go ahead and act without anything else blocking the mind. State of sublime brilliance, when you're "on."
SULPHUROUS. Base drives. The default mode your mind falls back on to survive: eating, sleeping, worrying about the bills, etc. When you're "neutral."
EARTHY: Opposite of mercurial. Heavy, sluggish state of mind where expression is inhibited. Turns inward instead of seeking the "open" state. When you're "off." See Problems with Depression.